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Abstract

Truth-Telling Enhancement Training in Pathological Adolescent Liars Using Risk-Free Verbal Operants: An Avoidance-Deceleration Program

Author(s): Douglas H Ruben*

Chronically severe adolescent prevaricators suffering mild to moderate speech impediments when confronted about lying underwent a two-phase incremental training program aimed at (a): Recruiting their reticent parents for treatment participation, and (b): Replacing avoidance behaviours (i.e., fact-evasion responses) with risk-free (CRF) reporting of facts. Training phase I involved consistency training consisting of verbal responses matching proximal follow-up action by the subjects, the purpose of which was to stimulate initial motivation for parental participation. Training phase II entailed a stepwise or incremental series of fact presentations involving impersonal observations (reporting neutral, positive, negative facts), transitioned to personal observations (neutral, positive and negative facts). Programmed triaging entailed both parent and child through modelling and imitation exercises conducted first within the educational/clinic setting and then practiced in the natural environment for rapid response generalization. System factors considered included the parents’ propensity for anger, which suppresses the child’s truth-telling, and the child’s elimination of avoidance behaviour (lying) when risk-free, fact-statements increased. Results of changing criterion across subjects’ designs yielded significantly increased quantity and frequency of nonpersonal and personal facts that were revealed both under structured prompt conditions and free operant (improptu) conditions. Implications of fact-reporting responses competing against a severe history of avoidance are discussed regarding the advantages of reinforcement over punishment methods for correcting lying.

Received Date: 2026-03-21 | Published Date: 2026-04-21

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